Tar-burner



W. BOEHM, H. S. COREY AND L. A. LAMBING.

TAR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 7. 1920.

' Patented Aug. 30, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- Irv/ en i0 7's.

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W. BOEHM, H. S. COREY AND L. A.'LAMBING.

TAR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 7, 1920.

Patented Aug. 30, 1921 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Wzzneases:

UNITED S 'l ATES PATENT OFFICE.

WENZEL BOEHM, OF SWISSVALE, HOWARD S. COREY, OF MUNHALL, AND LEO A. LAMBING, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

TAR-BURNER- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 30, 1921.

To (/77 H'imm. it may (mu'rrn lie it known that we, lVuNznL BOEIIM, llownnn S. (om-1i, and LEO A. LAMBING, citizens of the l'nited States, and residents, respectively, of hwissvale, Munhall, and Pittsburgh, all in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in 'lar-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention pertains to burners, and particularly to liquid fuel burners, and has for its n'in'ci ial ob'cct to )rovide a sinnle and inexpensive burner of the type, in which liquid fuel and fluid under pressure are comi'ningled, and one which is efiicient in operation.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a novel mixer adapted to thoroughly break up the liquid fuel and to mix it thoroughly with the tluidunder pressure.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel form of burner nozzle which serves to further mix the liquid fuel with the fluid under pressure, and also to deliver the mixture to the combustion chamber of a fur-- nace or other device in an improved manner.

1 still further object of the invention is to construct an improved burner of the class mixer on the line VV of set forth. having the novel constructions and combinations as hereinafter set iorth.

in the drawings, Figure l is a partial side elevation of a furnace showing our improved burner applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation of the complete burner.

Fig. 3 is a rear end elevation of the mixer member.

Fig. l is a Sectional elevation through the mixer on the line lVllV of Fig.

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation through the Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a front end elevation of the burner.

Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation through the burner on the line VIL-Vll of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a front end elevation of a slightly modified form of burner.

Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation through the burner 0n the line IX-IX of Fig. 8.

We have shown our improved burner ap plied to an open hearth furnace utilizing tar as a fuel, although it will be readily understood that it may be applied to various other forms of furnaces, and that it will burn other liquid fuels than tar.

Referring particularly to the drawings, the letter A designates the furnace as a whole, which is of the usual and well known form. comprising a hearth 2 side walls 3, end walls 4, and top 5. ur improved burner B is projected through the end walls 4 and is surrounded by a water jacket 6.

The burner B comprises a steam chamber 7 having an inlet port 8 formed in its bottom wall, in which is screw threaded a steam feed pipe 9. A steam outlet port 10 of considerably greater diameter than the inlet port 8 is formed in one side wall, and a burner tube 11 is screw threaded therein and forms a steam outlet conduit.

The side wall of the steam chamber '2' op posite the steam outlet port 10 is provided with a port 12 in which a sleeve 13 is screw threaded. The sleeve 13 is provided with an inner threaded surface, and is adapted to join a tar feed pipe ll with a tar nozzle pipe 15. The pipes 1 land 15 are of less diameter than the burner tube ll, and the tar nozzle pipe 15 is centrally spaced and c2:- tends within the pipe ll for a considerable extent of its length, thereby providing a narrow annular channel around its outer surface for the passage of team through the burner pipe.

The forward end of the pipe 15 is swaged down and drilled to form a nozzle 16 adapted to force pressure and in the form of a spray.

The forward end of the burner tube 11 is screw threaded in the rear end of a mixer 17, and a second burner tube- 18 is screw threaded in the forward end of the mixer 17, and has its forward end screw threaded in a burner nozzle 19.

The mixerl? comprises a cylindrical body portion having its rear end cut away, forming a chamber or recess having an inner curved or concave wall 20 and having its side walls internally threaded for the reception of the burner tube 11. The forward end of the mixer 17 is bored or cut away, forming a chamber or recess having a flat inner wall 21. and having its side walls screw threaded to receive the second burner pipe 18. llhe portion of the mixer 17 between the conthe tar forward at an increased cave wall 20 and the fiat wall 21, forms a diaphragm 24 which is perforated by a plurality of tubular passages or apertures 25 which diverge outwardly on an angle of approximately four degrees from the horizontal axis of the mixer. Four passages 25 are shown in the drawings, and are preferred, although the number may be varied to suit individual requirements.

The passages 25 are bored through the diaphragm 24 in close proximity to each other, thereby providing sharp edged dividing walls 28 which serve to break up tar particles that strike them.

The burner nozzle 19 comprises a cylindrical body portion which has its rear end cut away, forming a chamber or recess having a concave forward face or wall 29. Two or more tubular passages 30 extend through the wall 29 to the forward end of the nozzle and diverge outwardly on an angle from the horizontal axis of the nozzle.

The steam, after introduction into the; burner tube 11 from the steam chamber 7, tends to increase constantly invelocity during its travel, due to its expansion, and from the tar nozzle 16 it tends to assume a velocity higher than that of the tar under pressure, due to the expansive properties of the steam and non-expansive properties of the tar, which varies from a liquid at the tar nozzle, to a mixture of steam, vapor, and tar particles at the mixer 17. This difference in velocity tends to create a condition where the steam is traveling along the greater diameter near the outer area of the pipe, and the tar is crowded toward the center and prevented from breaking up into particles at the necessary rate of disintegration to get the required atomization for maximum efficiency. However, the mixer 17, due to its concave wall 20, will cause the steam to move toward the center line of the burner tube 11 in order to flow through the passages 25 and thereby force it to commingle and mix with the tar. The steam as it moves toward the center line of the burner tube will form cross currents, thus creating a very favorable condition for the atomization or tearing apart of the extremely fine particles of tar.

The particles of tar are also broken up more or less by being impinged on the pertions of the diaphragm 24: between the passages as they are forced forward.

The advantages of having the tar more finely divided and mixed more thoroughly with the steam. increase more and more as the mixture approaches a vapor. The immediate result is to obtain quicker combustion, and consequently ahotter flame, thereby lessening the amount of tar consumed for a given temperature.

The mixer 17 tends to greatly increase the number of tar particles. Consequently there is a greater exposed area of fuel to the air supplied for combustion, and that the combustion is more rapid and gives a higher flame temperature.

The burner nozzle serves to further mix and commingle the steam and tar particles, and to break up the tar particles. The concave surface 29 of the burner nozzle serves to force any steam that ma still be traveling around the tar to flow across the path of the tar flow so as to enter the passages 30, so that the maximum fuel surface is exposed to the air in combustion.

The effect of the diverging passages is to spread the steam and tar mixture as it issues in diverging jets, so that a spreading or sheet flame effect is-obtained.

In Figs. 8 and 9 we have shown a slightly modified form of burner having-three tubular passages 30 arranged in close proximity to each other, and having their axes in alinement. The central one of these passages is of lesser diameter than the other two, and is on a line with the longitudinal axis of the nozzle, while the outer passages diverge outwardly from the longitudinal axis. The above described modification is for use in furnaces of larger sizeand having wider 'hearths.

\Vhile we have illustrated and described one particular form of our invention in detail, it will be understood that we do not wish to be limited thereto, since various modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of our invention.

We claim 1. The combination with the burner tube of a liquid fuel burner, of a mixer member intermediate its ends, said mixer member comprising a cylindrical body portion, said body portion being cut away to form recesses in each end and a central diaphragm portion, said recessed portions being adapted to receive the burner tube, and said diaphragm having a concave rear wall and having a plurality of tubular passages formed therein.

2. The combination with the burner tube of a liquid fuel burner, of a mixer member intermediate its ends, said mixer member comprising a cylindrical body portion, said body portion being cut away to form recesses in each end and a central diaphragm portion,

said recessed portions being adapted to re-.

ceive the burner tube, and said diaphragm having a .concave rear wall and having a plurality of tubular passages formed therein,

and a nozzle screw threaded on the forward end of said burner tube.

3. The combination with the burner tube of a liquid fuel burner, of a mixer member intermediate its ends, said mixer member comprising a cylindrical body ortion, said body portion being cut away to orm recesses in each end and an integral central diaphragm portion, said recessed portions being adapted to receive the burner pipe, and said diaphragm having a concave rear wall and having a plurality of outwardly diverging tubular passages formed therein, and a nozzle' on the forward end of said burner tube. said nozzle comprising a cylindrical body portion having a concave inner wall and a plurality of tubular passages extending forwardly from said concave wall.

4. The combination with the burner tube of a liquid fuel burner, of a mixer member intermediate the ends of said burner tube, aburner nozzle on the forward end of said burner tube, and a fuel supply pipe passing through said burner tube and terminating an appreciable distance to the rear of said mixer member. in a nozzle portion, said mixer member comprising a cylindrical body portion cut away forming recesses in each end and a central diaphragm portion, said diaphragm having a concave rear face and being provided with a plurality of outwardly diverging apertures.-

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising in combination, a steam chamber having inlet and outlet ports, a burner tube communicating with said outlet port, a mixer member intermediate the ends of said burner pipe, a

burner nozzle on the forward end of said burner tube, and a fuel supply pipe passlng through said steam chamber and said burner tube and terminating an appreciable distance to the rear of said mixer in a nozzle portion, sald fuel pipe being of less diameter than said burner tube and centrally located within said burner tube, thereby providing an annular channel for the passage of steam, said mixer comprising a cylindrical body portion cut away forming recesses in each end and a central diaphragm portion, said diaphragm having a concave rear face and being provided with a plurality of outwardly diverging apertures.

6. The combination with the burner tube of a liquid fuel burner, of a mixer member intermediate the ends of said burner tube, a burner nozzle on the forward end of said burner tube, and a fuel supply pipe passing through said burner tube and terminating an appreciable distance to the rear of said mixer member in a nozzle portion, said burner nozzle comprising an integral cylindrical body portion having its rear end cut away to form a recess having a concave forward wall, and said wall being provided with a plurality of outwardly diverging tubular passages, and said mixer member comprising a cylindrical body portion cut away forming recesses in each end and an integral central diaphragm portion, said diaphragm having a concave rear face and being provided with a plurality of outwardly diverging apertures.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto signed our names.

WENZEL BOEHM. HOWARD S. COREY. LEO A. LA-MBING. 

